Pion Charge Exchange on Deuterium

We investigate quantum corrections to a classical intranuclear cascade simulation of pion single charge exchange on the deuteron. In order to separate various effects the orders of scattering need to be distinguished and, to that end, we develop signals for each order of scattering corresponding to quasi-free conditions. Quantum corrections are evaluated for double scattering and are found to be large. Global agreement with the data is good.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figure

Computer program documentation user information for the MPAD trajectory tape print program (TRJPR1)

The Trajectory Tape Print Program (TRJPR1) was developed to print applicable information from a Space Trajectory tape created by the Mission Planning and Analysis Division (MPAD) in the MPAD Common Format for the on-orbit phase of the Mission. Instructions for TRJPR1's use are given

Computer program documentation user information for the RSO-tape print program (RSOPRNT)

A user's guide for the RSOPRNT, a TRASYS Master Restart Output Tape (RSO) reader is presented. Background information and sample runstreams, as well as, references, input requirements and options, are included

Pion double charge exchange on 4He

The doubly differential cross sections for the $^4$He$(\pi^+,\pi^-) 4p$ reaction were calculated using both a two-nucleon sequential single charge exchange model and an intranuclear cascade code. Final state interactions between the two final protons which were the initial neutrons were included in both methods. At incident pion energies of 240 and 270 MeV the low-energy peak observed experimentally in the energy spectrum of the final pions can be understood only if the contribution of pion production is included. The calculated cross sections are compared with data.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figure

QCD--Instanton Induced Final States in Deep Inelastic Scattering

We report briefly on a broad and systematic study of possible manifestations of QCD-instantons at HERA. We concentrate on the high multiplicity final state structure, reminiscent of an isotropically decaying ``fireball''. First results of a Monte Carlo simulation are presented, with emphasis on the typical event-structure and the transverse energy, muon and $K^0$ flows.Comment: 10 pages, latex, epsfig, 9 uuencoded figure

An exploration of the use of language within therapeutic interventions for people experiencing psychosis

Formulation is a fundamental component in many of the psychological therapies practised within the National Health Service (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy and psychodynamic therapy) (British Psychology Society, Division of Clinical Psychology, [BPS, DCP], 2011). It is seen as a starting point for the process of intervention (DCP, 2011). However, despite the importance placed on formulation, it is under conceptualised and under researched (Johnstone & Dallos, 2015). More specifically, little is known about how service users experience and make use of formulation in therapy for psychosis. Semi structured interviews were undertaken with 11 service users and two clinical psychologists with experience of formulation in therapy for psychosis. Data from the interviews were analysed from a critical realist perspective using grounded theory methodology. An emerging model was constructed to depict the processes that occur during the sharing of a formulation. ‘Linking previous experiences with current ways of being’ and ‘building the therapeutic relationship’ emerged as core reciprocally influential processes. ‘Making use of new understandings’ was also identified as an important process. The findings suggest that formulations should be developed collaboratively and progressively with service users, and that care should be given to the emotions that arise as a result. Further research is necessary to elaborate our understanding of formulation given the importance placed on it in UK clinical psychology

Low-dose alum application trialled as a management tool for internal nutrient loads in Lake Okaro, New Zealand

Aluminium sulfate (alum) was applied to Lake Okaro, a eutrophic New Zealand lake with recurrent cyanobacterial blooms, to evaluate its suitability for reducing trophic status and bloom frequency. The dose yielded 0.6 g aluminium m–3 in the epilimnion. Before dosing, pH exceeded 8 in epilimnetic waters but was optimal for flocculation (6–8) below 4 m depth. After dosing, there was no significant change in water clarity, hypolimnetic pH decreased to 5.5, and soluble aluminium exceeded recommended guidelines for protection of freshwater organisms. Epilimnetic phosphate concentrations decreased from 40 to 5 mg m–3 and total nitrogen (TN):total phosphorus (TP) mass ratios increased from 7:1 to 37:1. The dominant phytoplankton species changed from Anabaena spp. before dosing, to Ceratium hirudinella , then Staurastrum sp. after dosing. Detection of effectiveness of dosing may have been limited by sampling duration and design, as well as the low alum dose. The decrease in hypolimnetic pH and epilimnetic TP, and increase in Al3+ and chlorophyll a, are attributed to the low alkalinity lake water and coincidence of alum dosing with a cyanobacterial bloom and high pH

Monte Carlo simulation of baryon and lepton number violating processes at high energies

We report results obtained with the first complete event generator for electroweak baryon and lepton number violating interactions at supercolliders. We find that baryon number violation would be very difficult to establish, but lepton number violation can be seen provided at least a few hundred L violating events are available with good electron or muon identification in the energy range 10 GeV to 1 TeV.Comment: 40 Pages uuencoded LaTeX (20 PostScript figures included), Cavendish-HEP-93/6, CERN-TH.7090/9